[MySQL]MySQL数据库中如何使用SQL语句查看表或者列的所有外键？

[MySQL]MySQL数据库中如何使用SQL语句查看表或者列的所有外键？

问题描述

如题，[MySQL]MySQL数据库中如何使用SQL语句查看表或者列的所有外键？

方案一

查看一张表的所有外键：

SELECT 
  TABLE_NAME,COLUMN_NAME,CONSTRAINT_NAME, REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME,REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME
FROM
  INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE
WHERE
  REFERENCED_TABLE_SCHEMA = '<database>' AND
  REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME = '<table>';

查看一个列的所有外键：

SELECT 
  TABLE_NAME,COLUMN_NAME,CONSTRAINT_NAME, REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME,REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME
FROM
  INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE
WHERE
  REFERENCED_TABLE_SCHEMA = '<database>' AND
  REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME = '<column>';

方案二

如果使用InnoDB引擎并且定义了外键：

SELECT * FROM information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS 
WHERE information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS.CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY' 
AND information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS.TABLE_SCHEMA = 'myschema'
AND information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS.TABLE_NAME = 'mytable';

方案三

查看一张表的所有外键：

USE '<yourschema>';

SELECT i.TABLE_NAME, i.CONSTRAINT_TYPE, i.CONSTRAINT_NAME, k.REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME, k.REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME 
FROM information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS i 
LEFT JOIN information_schema.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE k ON i.CONSTRAINT_NAME = k.CONSTRAINT_NAME 
WHERE i.CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY' 
AND i.TABLE_SCHEMA = DATABASE()
AND i.TABLE_NAME = '<yourtable>';

查看框架(schema)中所有表的所有外键：

USE '<yourschema>';

SELECT i.TABLE_NAME, i.CONSTRAINT_TYPE, i.CONSTRAINT_NAME, k.REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME, k.REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME 
FROM information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS i 
LEFT JOIN information_schema.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE k ON i.CONSTRAINT_NAME = k.CONSTRAINT_NAME 
WHERE i.CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY' 
AND i.TABLE_SCHEMA = DATABASE();

查看数据库中所有外键：

SELECT i.TABLE_SCHEMA, i.TABLE_NAME, i.CONSTRAINT_TYPE, i.CONSTRAINT_NAME, k.REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME, k.REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME 
FROM information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS i 
LEFT JOIN information_schema.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE k ON i.CONSTRAINT_NAME = k.CONSTRAINT_NAME 
WHERE i.CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY';

方案四

查看数据所有关系及约束等集合

select
    concat(table_name, '.', column_name) as 'foreign key',
    concat(referenced_table_name, '.', referenced_column_name) as 'references',
    constraint_name as 'constraint name'
from
    information_schema.key_column_usage
where
    referenced_table_name is not null;

如果想要查看指定的数据库和数据表，则：

select
    concat(table_name, '.', column_name) as 'foreign key',
    concat(referenced_table_name, '.', referenced_column_name) as 'references',
    constraint_name as 'constraint name'
from
    information_schema.key_column_usage
where
    referenced_table_name is not null
    and table_schema = 'database_name';